1. Plastics are ‘polymers’, which is something made of many ‘units’ similar to a chain. Each link in the chain is the “mer” or basic unit usually made out of ‘links, or mers hooked, or polymerized, together.’
2. Many common classes of polymers are composed of ‘hydrocarbons’, which contain the elements carbon and hydrogen. List seven elements that are also found in polymers: ‘oxygen’, ‘chlorine’, ‘phosphorous’, ‘sulfur’, ‘fluorine’, ‘nitrogen’, and ‘silicon’.
3. What is one of the most famous silicon-based polymers? ‘Silly Putty’
4. What are the general attributes (properties) of polymers?
A. Polymers can be very resistant to ‘chemicals’.
B. Polymers can be both ‘themal’ and ‘electrical’ insulators.
C. Polymers are very light in ‘mass’ with varying degrees of ‘strength’.
D. Polymers can be ‘processed’ in various ways to produce thin fibers or very intricate parts.
5. What percentage of our trash are plastics? ‘9.9’%
6. What does WTE mean? ‘waste-to-energy’ What are two benefits of WTE?
1 – We can use plastics that cannot be ‘recycled’.
2 – Incineration of polymers produces ‘heat energy’.
Site #2: History of Plastics
Read the information on this page to help you complete this section. Fill in the blanks with the year it was first produced and the last name(s) of the person credited with the discovery/development. Use the information to list the substances with dates from the oldest to the most recent in the box.
Rayon – Developed in 1891 by Bernigaut
Silly Putty - Developed in 1949 by Wright
Cellophane - Discovered in 1900 by Brandenberger
Parkesine - Discovered in 1862 by Parker
Nylon - Developed in 1939 by Carothers
Bakelite - Developed in 1907 by Baekeland
Velcro - Developed in 1957 by Maestral
Saran - Discovered in 1933 by Wiley
PVC (Vinyl) – Developed by Simon
Polyethylene – Developed in 1936 by Fawcett & Gibson
Teflon – Discovered in 1938 by Plunkett
Celluoid - Developed in 1869 by Hyatt
Plastics Timeline
1 Parkesine
2 Celluloid
3 Rayon
4 Cellophane
5 Bakelite
6 Saran
7 Polyethylene
8 Teflon
9 Nylon
10 Silly Putty
11 Velcro
Plastics have changed the world: Where did the word plastic come from? The word plasticos means ‘to mold‘__It is called this, because plastics are soft and moldable during production.
What are plastics? Define the following words after reading the section titled “What are plastics”
• monomer: monomer is a molecule that contains carbon and other substances. Monomers normally come from oil/petroleum or natural gas. A monomer is a single molecule that is capable of joining with many others, to create a chain of monomers, called a polymer.
• polymer: A polymer is multiple monomers. It’s like a chain of paper clips, the single paper clips are monomers, and when they create a chain they form a polymer.
• organic material: Organic material are things like wood fibers, corn or banana peels.
Polymerization: Polymerization is the chemical process where monomers combined to make polymers.
The steps listed below explain how plastic is made. Fill in the missing blanks.
1. Crude oil, the unprocessed oil that comes out of the ground, contains hundreds of different hydrocarbons, as well as small amounts of other materials. The job of an oil refinery is to separate these materials and also to break down (or "crack) large hydrocarbons into smaller ones.
2. A petrochemical plant receives refined oil containing the small monomers they need and creates polymers through chemical reactions.
3. A plastics factory buys the end products of a petrochemical plant - polymers in the form of resings - introduces additives to modify or obtain desirable properties, then molds or otherwise forms the final plastic products
Polymers are Everywhere: Read the paragraph titled “Polymers are Everywhere”, then answer true or false to the following questions.
• True Plastics are polymers, but polymers don't have to be plastics.
• False- they are examples of polymers. Cellulose, the basic component of plant cell wall, and DNA, the long molecule in the nuclei of your cells that carries all the genetic information about you, are both examples of plastics.
• True Natural polymers include silk, wool, cotton, wood, and leather.
Thermoplastics & Thermosets: Plastics are classified into two categories according to what happens to them when they're heated to high temperatures. Complete the table below.
1. Click the link to make a virtual polymer and choose polyethylene.
A. What type of monomer is used to make this polymer? ‘Ethylene monomers’
B. What elements and how many of each is in one of these monomers?
C = ‘Carbon’ # - ‘2’ H = ‘Hydrogen’ # -‘4’
C. What starts the process? ‘iniatiator’
2. Click the link to try the matching games. Record your times or scores in the blanks below.
A. Breakfast Game– 1st Try = ‘9413’ 2nd Try = ‘9096’ 3rd Try = ‘9399’
B. Polymer Game - – 1st Try = ‘9330’ 2nd Try = ‘9313’ 3rd Try = ‘9186’
2. Many common classes of polymers are composed of ‘hydrocarbons’, which contain the elements carbon and hydrogen. List seven elements that are also found in polymers: ‘oxygen’, ‘chlorine’, ‘phosphorous’, ‘sulfur’, ‘fluorine’, ‘nitrogen’, and ‘silicon’.
3. What is one of the most famous silicon-based polymers? ‘Silly Putty’
4. What are the general attributes (properties) of polymers?
A. Polymers can be very resistant to ‘chemicals’.
B. Polymers can be both ‘themal’ and ‘electrical’ insulators.
C. Polymers are very light in ‘mass’ with varying degrees of ‘strength’.
D. Polymers can be ‘processed’ in various ways to produce thin fibers or very intricate parts.
5. What percentage of our trash are plastics? ‘9.9’%
6. What does WTE mean? ‘waste-to-energy’ What are two benefits of WTE?
1 – We can use plastics that cannot be ‘recycled’.
2 – Incineration of polymers produces ‘heat energy’.
Site #2: History of Plastics
Read the information on this page to help you complete this section. Fill in the blanks with the year it was first produced and the last name(s) of the person credited with the discovery/development. Use the information to list the substances with dates from the oldest to the most recent in the box.
Rayon – Developed in 1891 by Bernigaut
Silly Putty - Developed in 1949 by Wright
Cellophane - Discovered in 1900 by Brandenberger
Parkesine - Discovered in 1862 by Parker
Nylon - Developed in 1939 by Carothers
Bakelite - Developed in 1907 by Baekeland
Velcro - Developed in 1957 by Maestral
Saran - Discovered in 1933 by Wiley
PVC (Vinyl) – Developed by Simon
Polyethylene – Developed in 1936 by Fawcett & Gibson
Teflon – Discovered in 1938 by Plunkett
Celluoid - Developed in 1869 by Hyatt
Plastics Timeline
1 Parkesine
2 Celluloid
3 Rayon
4 Cellophane
5 Bakelite
6 Saran
7 Polyethylene
8 Teflon
9 Nylon
10 Silly Putty
11 Velcro
Plastics have changed the world: Where did the word plastic come from? The word plasticos means ‘to mold‘__It is called this, because plastics are soft and moldable during production.
What are plastics? Define the following words after reading the section titled “What are plastics”
• monomer: monomer is a molecule that contains carbon and other substances. Monomers normally come from oil/petroleum or natural gas. A monomer is a single molecule that is capable of joining with many others, to create a chain of monomers, called a polymer.
• polymer: A polymer is multiple monomers. It’s like a chain of paper clips, the single paper clips are monomers, and when they create a chain they form a polymer.
• organic material: Organic material are things like wood fibers, corn or banana peels.
Polymerization: Polymerization is the chemical process where monomers combined to make polymers.
The steps listed below explain how plastic is made. Fill in the missing blanks.
1. Crude oil, the unprocessed oil that comes out of the ground, contains hundreds of different hydrocarbons, as well as small amounts of other materials. The job of an oil refinery is to separate these materials and also to break down (or "crack) large hydrocarbons into smaller ones.
2. A petrochemical plant receives refined oil containing the small monomers they need and creates polymers through chemical reactions.
3. A plastics factory buys the end products of a petrochemical plant - polymers in the form of resings - introduces additives to modify or obtain desirable properties, then molds or otherwise forms the final plastic products
Polymers are Everywhere: Read the paragraph titled “Polymers are Everywhere”, then answer true or false to the following questions.
• True Plastics are polymers, but polymers don't have to be plastics.
• False- they are examples of polymers. Cellulose, the basic component of plant cell wall, and DNA, the long molecule in the nuclei of your cells that carries all the genetic information about you, are both examples of plastics.
• True Natural polymers include silk, wool, cotton, wood, and leather.
Thermoplastics & Thermosets: Plastics are classified into two categories according to what happens to them when they're heated to high temperatures. Complete the table below.
Thermoplastics | Thermosets | |
| can it be reshaped? | yes | no |
| analogy | like ice, when it is heated, it will melt, then you can form it into a new shape. | its like a raw egg, it can be a fried egg, you can hard boil it, or scramble it. But once you fry your egg, it can never go back to a raw egg. |
| strong or weak bonds | weak | strong |
| uses | plastic rap, food containers, lighting panels, garden hoses, and plastic bags | spatulas, other kitchen tools, glues, varnishes, and circuit boards. |
| recycling easy or hard? | easy! | hard |
1. Click the link to make a virtual polymer and choose polyethylene.
A. What type of monomer is used to make this polymer? ‘Ethylene monomers’
B. What elements and how many of each is in one of these monomers?
C = ‘Carbon’ # - ‘2’ H = ‘Hydrogen’ # -‘4’
C. What starts the process? ‘iniatiator’
2. Click the link to try the matching games. Record your times or scores in the blanks below.
A. Breakfast Game– 1st Try = ‘9413’ 2nd Try = ‘9096’ 3rd Try = ‘9399’
B. Polymer Game - – 1st Try = ‘9330’ 2nd Try = ‘9313’ 3rd Try = ‘9186’
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