Thursday, October 20, 2011

Greatest Discoveries in Chemistry

Chemistry has made many scientific break throughs in it’s time. It has helped humankind better understand ourselves, and the world around us. Chemistry covers anything form the oxygen that surrounds us, to how a specific molecule can form a ring to create an element.

Starting with the atomic theory, with John Dalton, the range of knowledge in chemistry has only grown. John Dalton had the notion that perhaps gasses were made of more than one atom. Also on the subject of air, in addition to the four main elements of air, water, earth, and fire, Da Vinci thought that perhaps air was two elements, oxygen and air.

Another scientist by the name of Fredric Voire artificially made urea. Urea is normally produced by a human kidney, but when Voire was successful, he had opened the door to countless other artificial makings. This showed that you can create specimens like that from natural resources, chemically.

Most scientists had already experimented with atomic structures, but they were stumped on a certain element. Kekule had then discovered that some elements can form into rings, instead of the classical chain shape. This helped discover many other elements.

One of the most famous tools for science is called the Periodic table of Elements. This is a chart that lists all of the elements, their mass, and their number of protons and neutrons. It all started when a physics teacher was trying to think of a more efficient way to teach his students all of the elements. He created a card for each of the elements, and started randomly grouping them. Soon, he began to notice patterns in the elements. Then, he finally found the correct formation. He was even able to predict where new elements, that hadn’t even been discovered, would go.

Another of the great chemistry discoveries is one found by Dimitri Mendevelium. He had discovered that electricity can transform chemicals. He had at first, successfully transform pot ash into potassium. This discovery lead to the creation of aluminum, L.E.D. lights and displays, solar panels, and even rechargeable batteries. Many more creations have been made from electricity's transformations.

Robert Bunsen was the scientist who realized that atoms had unique signatures of light. It all started when he created the spectroscope, a device consisting of multiple telescopes. He would then place atoms in a prism, and when he looked through the telescope, it revealed a gradient of color with specific patterns etched vertically into them. It was from then they were able to trace what elements were in atoms.

All of these discoveries helped shape what our world is today. Without these discoveries, modern science could be non-existent.

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